Cardamom essential oil from Elettaria cardamomum seeds is defined by alpha-terpinyl acetate (~35%) and 1,8-cineole (~25%), alongside linalool acetate and sabinene. This combination produces potent antibacterial action against Gram-negative gastrointestinal pathogens, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.25-1 mg/mL against E. coli and P. aeruginosa confirmed in comparative studies of Indian and Guatemalan origins.^[1] A rat model study demonstrated significant gastroprotective effects against induced gastric ulcers, consistent with the oil's traditional role as a digestive.^[2]