Oregano essential oil (Origanum vulgare) derives its potency from carvacrol (typically 40-80%) and thymol — phenols whose free hydroxyl groups disrupt bacterial membrane integrity across a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. A comprehensive review of carvacrol documents well-evidenced antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities alongside emerging anticancer data.^[1] Biofilm studies confirm that sub-MIC concentrations prevent biofilm formation and reduce sessile cell viability, with implications for food safety and drug-resistance contexts.^[2]